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Soyuz-5 rocket
Stage III of the Soyuz rocket
RD-0110 engine
Fregat orbital tug
R-7
ICBM
Sputnik launcher
Molniya launcher
Vostok launcher
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The Soyuz, the most recognizable Russian rocket, is only one of several space
boosters, which derived from the R-7 ballistic missile
developed in the mid-1950s.
Different
versions of space launch vehicles derived from the R-7
ICBM:
|
Type
|
Manufacturer
index |
US
designation |
Sheldon
designation |
Developer |
First
launch |
Payloads |
| Sputnik |
8K71PS |
SL-1 |
- |
OKB-1 |
1957
Oct. 4 |
Sputnik-1 |
| Luna/Vostok |
8K72 |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Luna probes,
Vostok |
| Vostok |
8K72K |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Vostok |
| Vostok-2 |
8K72V |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
- |
| Vostok-2M |
8K72V1 |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Elektron,
Meteor |
| Vostok-2M |
8K72V3 |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Elektron,
Meteor |
| Vostok-2M |
8K72D |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Elektron,
Meteor |
| Vostok-2M |
8K72-2D |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Elektron,
Meteor |
| Luna |
8K73/73E |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
E-3
project |
| Sputnik |
8A91 |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Object
D (Sputnik-3) |
| Vostok |
8A92 |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Zenit-2 |
| Vostok-M |
8A92M |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
1964
Aug. 28 |
Tselina
D, Meteor, IRS-1A, Intercosmos-Bulgaria |
| Vostok |
8A92ME |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Meteor,
Tselina-D |
| Vostok |
8A92V3 |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Zenit-2 |
| Vostok |
8A93 |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
OD-2 |
| Vostok |
11A92 |
SL-3 |
A-1 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Zenit-2 |
| Molniya |
8K78 |
SL-6 |
A-2-e |
OKB-1 |
- |
Molniya,
Mars/Venera, Prognoz, Zond |
| Molniya |
8K78-MV |
SL-6 |
A-2-e |
OKB-1 |
- |
Mars/Venera,
Prognoz, Zond |
| Molniya |
8K78-2MV |
SL-6 |
A-2-e |
OKB-1 |
- |
Mars/Venera,
Prognoz, Zond |
| Molniya |
8K78-E6 |
SL-6 |
A-2-e |
OKB-1 |
- |
Luna
(E-6) |
| Molniya |
8K78M |
SL-6 |
A-2-e |
TsSKB |
- |
Mars/Venera,
Prognoz, Zond 1-3 |
| Polyot |
11K59
(11A59?) |
SL-5 |
- |
OKB-1 |
- |
IS
(Polyot-1,2) |
| Voskhod |
11A57 |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
OKB-1 |
1963
Nov. 16 |
Voskhod,
Zenit |
| Voskhod |
11A59 |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Zenit-2 |
| Voskhod |
11A510 |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
OKB-1 |
- |
Zenit-4/
US-prototypes |
| Soyuz |
11A511 |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
TsSKB |
- |
Soyuz |
|
Soyuz
(S |
11A511M |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
TsSKB |
1966
Nov. 28 |
Yantar |
| Soyuz-U |
11A511U |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
TsSKB |
1973
May 18 |
Soyuz TM, Soyuz TMA, Kobalt-M |
| Soyuz-U2 |
11A511U2 |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
TsSKB |
1982
Dec. 23 |
Progress-M |
| Soyuz-U2 |
11A511K |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
TsSKB |
- |
Resurs,
Soyuz-TM |
| Soyuz-Irene |
- |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
Arianespace
|
- |
Globalstar
(project) |
| Soyuz-Ikar
|
11A511U |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
Starsem
|
1999
Feb. 9 |
Globalstar |
| Soyuz-Fregat |
- |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
Starsem
|
2000 |
Cluster,
IRDT |
| Vostok-2/Fregat |
- |
SL-4 |
A-2 |
NPO Lavochkin proposal |
- |
- |
| Soyuz-FG |
11A511FG |
- |
- |
TsSKB
Progress |
2001
May 21 |
Progress
M1, AMOS-2 |
| Soyuz-2-1a
(Rus) |
14A14 (131KS) |
- |
- |
TsSKB
Progress |
2004
Nov. 8 |
Meridian, Metop |
| Soyuz-2-1b
(Rus) |
14A15 (131KS) |
- |
- |
TsSKB
Progress |
2006 Dec. 27 |
Corot |
| Soyuz-ST |
- |
- |
- |
Starsem
|
- |
Galileo |
| Yamal |
- |
- |
- |
RKK
Energia |
- |
ISS
modules, Progress-M2 |
| Avrora |
- |
- |
- |
RKK
Energia |
- |
Commercial satellites from Christmas Island |
| Onega |
- |
- |
- |
RKK
Energia |
- |
Kliper |
| Soyuz-2-3 |
- |
- |
- |
RKK
Energia/TsSKB Progress |
- |
Kliper ("light" version); Parom and its cargo containers |
| Soyuz-3 |
- |
- |
- |
RKK
Energia |
- |
Kliper |
| Soyuz-1 (Soyuz-2-1v) |
- |
- |
- |
TsSKB Progress |
2013 |
Military/commercial satellites |
| Soyuz-2-3v |
- |
- |
- |
TsSKB Progress |
- |
A 2011 proposal for a 16-ton payload vehicle with a cryogenic upper stage |
| Soyuz-2-1d |
- |
- |
- |
TsSKB Progress |
- |
A proposal |
| Soyuz-4 (?) |
- |
- |
- |
TsSKB Progress |
- |
A proposal (?) |
| Soyuz-5 |
- |
- |
- |
TsSKB Progress |
- |
A 2013 proposal for a medium-lift launcher burning liquefied natural gas |
Overview of upper stages in the Soyuz family of rockets:
Designation |
Fregat |
Taimyr 385 GK |
Yastreb |
BV Ikar (50KS) |
BV Volga |
| Mass |
6.6 tons |
9.84 tons |
12.7-18.7 tons |
- |
- |
| Height |
1.5 meters |
4 meters |
- |
- |
- |
| Diameter |
3.35 meters |
3.41 meters |
- |
- |
- |
| Launch vehicle |
|
Yamal, Avrora |
|
Soyuz |
Soyuz-2-1v |
Recent
missions of the R-7-based launchers:
Soyuz rocket missions in 2001
Soyuz rocket missions in 2002
Soyuz rocket missions in 2003
Soyuz rocket missions in 2004
Soyuz rocket missions in 2005
Soyuz rocket missions in 2006
Soyuz rocket missions in 2007
Soyuz rocket missions in 2008
Soyuz rocket missions in 2009
Soyuz rocket missions in 2010
Soyuz rocket missions in 2011
Soyuz rocket missions in 2012
Soyuz rocket missions in 2013
This page is maintained by Anatoly Zak
All rights reserved
Last update:
June 17, 2013
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MOVIE
GALLERY
The
rollout of the Soyuz rocket. Copyright: © 2001 Anatoly Zak
The
Soyuz rocket blasts off from Launch Complex 5. Copyright: © 2001 Anatoly Zak
|
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PICTURE
GALLERY
The
launch vehicle with the Voskhod spacecraft on the launch pad in Area 1
in 1964. Credit: RKK Energia
Click to enlarge. Credit: 152
The 11A511 version of the Soyuz rocket with the original escape system. Credit: 152
On
a foggy morning in October 2000, the Soyuz booster was being prepared
for the launch of the first resident crew of the International Space Station,
more than 43 years after the original version of the rocket flew. Click to enlarge Copyright
© 2000 Anatoly Zak
The
Soyuz-Fregat version of the Soyuz launch vehicle is being prepared in
Baikonur. Copyright © 2000 Anatoly Zak
Four strap-on
boosters and a central core stage of the R-7 rocket. Copyright ©
2001 Anatoly Zak
The
assembly of the second and third stages of the Soyuz launcher. Copyright
© 2001 Anatoly Zak
A third stage of the Soyuz rocket. Copyright
© 2001 Anatoly Zak
A
close up view of the core-stage engine on the Soyuz rocket. Copyright
© 2001 Anatoly Zak
The
RD-0109 engine, which powered the 3rd stage of the Vostok rocket. Copyright
© 2002 Anatoly Zak
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